Clean Water Treatment

The provision of clean water, in addition to its quantity, must also have a quality that complies with applicable standards. Water quality standards are quality standards set based on physical, chemical, radioactive and bacteriological parameters that indicate the quality requirements of the water. In the raw water standard according to Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20 of 1990 concerning Water Quality Classifications, there are requirements that need to be known to provide raw water that is clean and suitable for use by the public. The raw water standard requirements are physical, chemical, and biological.
1. Physical Requirements
• The mostclean water quality is clear and not turbid.
• Odorless and Fresh Tasting
• Does not contain floating solids in quantities that exceed the limit
• Has a normal temperature, 8º from room temperature (27ºC).
• Color in water is caused by the presence of chemicals or microorganisms (plankton) dissolved in the water.
2. Chemical Requirements
• Degree of Acidity (pH) indicates the degree of acidity of a solution. Clean water is water that is neutral (pH = 7).
• The content of organic chemicals does not exceed the specified limit.
• The content of inorganic chemicals does not exceed the predetermined amount.
• The level of hardness does not exceed the set limit.
3. Biological Requirements
• Does not contain pathogenic organisms
• Does not contain Non-Pathogenic Microorganisms

In order to overcome the problem of the clean water needs fulfillment, it is necessary to apply water treatment technology that is in line with the condition of raw water sources, socio-cultural, economic conditions, and human resources of the local community. In general, a clean water treatment plant is a system that combines filtration, sedimentation, coagulation, and micro-biology processes. The purpose of a clean water treatment system that complies with quality standards of quantity and continuity. The level of water treatment depends on the characteristics of the raw water source used.